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Q371. LAN Manager passwords are concatenated to 14 bytes and split in half. The two halves are hashed individually. If the password is 7 characters or less, than the second half of the hash is always:
A. 0xAAD3B435B51404EE
B. 0xAAD3B435B51404AA
C. 0xAAD3B435B51404BB
D. 0xAAD3B435B51404CC
Answer: A
Explanation: A problem with LM stems from the total lack of salting or cipher block chaining in the hashing process. To hash a password the first 7 bytes of it are transformed into an 8 byte odd parity DES key. This key is used to encrypt the 8 byte string "KGS!@". Same thing happens with the second part of the password. This lack of salting creates two interesting consequences. Obviously this means the password is always stored in the same way, and just begs for a typical lookup table attack. The other consequence is that it is easy to tell if a password is bigger than 7 bytes in size. If not, the last 7 bytes will all be null and will result in a constant DES hash of 0xAAD3B435B51404EE.
Q372. This attack technique is used when a Web application is vulnerable to an SQL Injection but the results of the Injection are not visible to the attacker.
A. Unique SQL Injection
B. Blind SQL Injection
C. Generic SQL Injection
D. Double SQL Injection
Answer: B
Q373. home/root # traceroute www.targetcorp.com <http://www.targetcorp.com>
traceroute to www.targetcorp.com <http://www.targetcorp.com> (192.168.12.18), 64 hops may, 40 byte packets 1 router.anon.com (192.13.212.254) 1.373 ms 1.123 ms 1.280 ms 2 192.13.133.121 (192.13.133.121) 3.680 ms 3.506 ms 4.583 ms 3 firewall.anon.com (192.13.192.17) 127.189 ms 257.404 ms 208.484 ms 4 anon-gw.anon.com (192.93.144.89) 471.68 ms 376.875 ms 228.286 ms 5 fe5-0.lin.isp.com (192.162.231.225) 2.961 ms 3.852 ms 2.974 ms 6 fe0-0.lon0.isp.com (192.162.231.234) 3.979 ms 3.243 ms 4.370 ms 7 192.13.133.5 (192.13.133.5) 11.454 ms 4.221 ms 3.333 ms 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 www.targetcorp.com <http://www.targetcorp.com> (192.168.12.18) 5.392 ms 3.348 ms 3.199 ms
Use the traceroute results shown above to answer the following question:
The perimeter security at targetcorp.com does not permit ICMP TTL-expired packets out.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Explanation: As seen in the exhibit there is 2 registrations with timeout, this tells us that the firewall filters packets where the TTL has reached 0, when you continue with higher starting values for TTL you will get an answer from the target of the traceroute.
Q374. Within the context of Computer Security, which of the following statements best describe Social Engineering?
A. Social Engineering is the act of publicly disclosing information.
B. Social Engineering is the act of getting needed information from a person rather than breaking into a system.
C. Social Engineering is the means put in place by human resource to perform time accounting.
D. Social Engineering is a training program within sociology studies.
Answer: B
Explanation: Social engineering is a collection of techniques used to manipulate people into performing actions or divulging confidential information.
Q375. What type of cookies can be generated while visiting different web sites on the Internet?
A. Permanent and long term cookies.
B. Session and permanent cookies.
C. Session and external cookies.
D. Cookies are all the same, there is no such thing as different type of cookies.
Answer: B
Explanation: There are two types of cookies: a permanent cookie that remains on a visitor's computer for a given time and a session cookie the is temporarily saved in the visitor's computer memory during the time that the visitor is using the Web site. Session cookies disappear when you close your Web browser.
Q376. A remote user tries to login to a secure network using Telnet, but accidently types in an invalid user name or password. Which responses would NOT be preferred by an experienced Security Manager? (multiple answer)
A. Invalid Username
B. Invalid Password
C. Authentication Failure
D. Login Attempt Failed
E. Access Denied
Answer: AB
Explanation: As little information as possible should be given about a failed login attempt. Invalid username or password is not desirable.
Q377. In Trojan terminology, what is required to create the executable file chess.exe as shown below?
A. Mixer
B. Converter
C. Wrapper
D. Zipper
Answer: C
Q378. Annie has just succeeded is stealing a secure cookie via a XSS attack. She is able to replay the cookie even while the session is valid on the server. Why do you think this is possible?
A. Any Cookie can be replayed irrespective of the session status
B. The scenario is invalid as a secure cookie can’t be replayed
C. It works because encryption is performed at the network layer (layer 1 encryption)
D. It works because encryption is performed at the application layer (Single Encryption Key)
Answer: D
Explanation: Single key encryption (conventional cryptography) uses a single word or phrase as the key. The same key is used by the sender to encrypt and the receiver to decrypt. Sender and receiver initially need to have a secure way of passing the key from one to the other. With TLS or SSL this would not be possible.
Q379. You ping a target IP to check if the host is up. You do not get a response. You suspect ICMP is blocked at the firewall. Next you use hping2 tool to ping the target host and you get a response. Why does the host respond to hping2 and not ping packet?
[ceh]# ping 10.2.3.4
PING 10.2.3.4 (10.2.3.4) from 10.2.3.80 : 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 10.2.3.4 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss
[ceh]# ./hping2 -c 4 -n -i 2 10.2.3.4
HPING 10.2.3.4 (eth0 10.2.3.4): NO FLAGS are set, 40 headers +
0 data bytes
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=0 ttl=128 id=54167 win=0 rtt=0.8 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=1 ttl=128 id=54935 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=2 ttl=128 id=55447 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=3 ttl=128 id=55959 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
--- 10.2.3.4 hping statistic ---
4 packets tramitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.7/0.8/0.8 ms
A. ping packets cannot bypass firewalls
B. you must use ping 10.2.3.4 switch
C. hping2 uses TCP instead of ICMP by default
D. hping2 uses stealth TCP packets to connect
Answer: C
Explanation: Default protocol is TCP, by default hping2 will send tcp headers to target host's port 0 with a winsize of 64 without any tcp flag on. Often this is the best way to do an 'hide ping', useful when target is behind a firewall that drop ICMP. Moreover a tcp null-flag to port 0 has a good probability of not being logged.
Q380. What type of Virus is shown here?
A. Macro Virus
B. Cavity Virus
C. Boot Sector Virus
D. Metamorphic Virus
E. Sparse Infector Virus
Answer: B