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Q421. Kevin sends an email invite to Chris to visit a forum for security professionals. Chris clicks on the link in the email message and is taken to a web based bulletin board. Unknown to Chris, certain functions are executed on his local system under his privileges, which allow Kevin access to information used on the BBS. However, no executables are downloaded and run on the local system. What would you term this attack?
A. Phishing
B. Denial of Service
C. Cross Site Scripting
D. Backdoor installation
Answer: C
Explanation: This is a typical Type-1 Cross Site Scripting attack. This kind of cross-site scripting hole is also referred to as a non-persistent or reflected vulnerability, and is by far the most common type. These holes show up when data provided by a web client is used immediately by server-side scripts to generate a page of results for that user. If unvalidated user-supplied data is included in the resulting page without HTML encoding, this will allow client-side code to be injected into the dynamic page. A classic example of this is in site search engines: if one searches for a string which includes some HTML special characters, often the search string will be redisplayed on the result page to indicate what was searched for, or will at least include the search terms in the text box for easier editing. If all occurrences of the search terms are not HTML entity encoded, an XSS hole will result.
Q422. What is the term 8 to describe an attack that falsifies a broadcast ICMP echo request and includes a primary and secondary victim?
A. Fraggle Attack
B. Man in the Middle Attack
C. Trojan Horse Attack
D. Smurf Attack
E. Back Orifice Attack
Answer: D
Explanation: Trojan and Back orifice are Trojan horse attacks. Man in the middle spoofs the Ip and redirects the victems packets to the cracker The infamous Smurf attack. preys on ICMP's capability to send traffic to the broadcast address. Many hosts can listen and respond to a single ICMP echo request sent to a broadcast address.
Network Intrusion Detection third Edition by Stephen Northcutt and Judy Novak pg 70 The "smurf" attack's cousin is called "fraggle", which uses UDP echo packets in the same fashion as the ICMP echo packets; it was a simple re-write of "smurf".
Q423. To see how some of the hosts on your network react, Winston sends out SYN packets to an IP range. A number of IPs respond with a SYN/ACK response. Before the connection is established he sends RST packets to those hosts to stop the session. Winston has done this to see how his intrusion detection system will log the traffic. What type of scan is Winston attempting here?
A. Winston is attempting to find live hosts on your company's network by using an XMAS scan.
B. He is utilizing a SYN scan to find live hosts that are listening on your network.
C. This type of scan he is using is called a NULL scan.
D. He is using a half-open scan to find live hosts on your network.
Answer: D
Q424. Lori has just been tasked by her supervisor conduct vulnerability scan on the corporate network. She has been instructed to perform a very thorough test of the network to ensure that there are no security holes on any of the machines. Lori’s company does not own any commercial scanning products, so she decides to download a free one off the Internet. Lori has never done a vulnerability scan before, so she is unsure of some of the settings available in the software she downloaded. One of the option is to choose which ports that can be scanned. Lori wants to do exactly what her boos has told her, but she does not know ports should be scanned.
If Lori is supposed to scan all known TCP ports, how many ports should she select in the software?
A. 65536
B. 1024
C. 1025
D. Lori should not scan TCP ports, only UDP ports
Answer: A
Explanation: In both TCP and UDP, each packet header will specify a source port and a destination port, each of which is a 16-bit unsigned integer (i.e. ranging from 0 to 65535).
Q425. If you come across a sheepdip machine at your client’s site, what should you do?
A. A sheepdip computer is used only for virus-checking.
B. A sheepdip computer is another name for a honeypot
C. A sheepdip coordinates several honeypots.
D. A sheepdip computers defers a denial of service attack.
Answer: A
Explanation: Also known as a footbath, a sheepdip is the process of checking physical media, such as floppy disks or CD-ROMs, for viruses before they are used in a computer. Typically, a computer that sheepdips is used only for that process and nothing else and is isolated from the other computers, meaning it is not connected to the network. Most sheepdips use at least two different antivirus programs in order to increase effectiveness.
Q426. You have discovered that an employee has attached a modem to his telephone line and workstation. He has used this modem to dial in to his workstation, thereby bypassing your firewall. A security breach has occurred as a direct result of this activity. The employee explains that he used the modem because he had to download software for a department project. What can you do to solve this problem?
A. Install a network-based IDS
B. Reconfigure the firewall
C. Conduct a needs analysis
D. Enforce your security policy
Answer: D
Explanation: The employee was unaware of security policy.
Q427. What does the following command in "Ettercap" do?
ettercap –NCLzs –quiet
A. This command will provide you the entire list of hosts in the LAN
B. This command will check if someone is poisoning you and will report its IP
C. This command will detach ettercap from console and log all the sniffed passwords to a file
D. This command broadcasts ping to scan the LAN instead of ARP request all the subset IPs
Answer: C
Explanation: -L specifies that logging will be done to a binary file and –s tells us it is running in script mode.
Q428. Your are trying the scan a machine located at ABC company’s LAN named mail.abc.com. Actually that machine located behind the firewall. Which port is used by nmap to send the TCP synchronize frame to on mail.abc.com?
A. 443
B. 80
C. 8080
D. 23
Answer: A
Q429. Sabotage, Advertising and Covering are the three stages of _____
A. Social engineering
B. Reverse Social Engineering
C. Reverse Software Engineering
D. Rapid Development Engineering
Answer: B
Explanation: Typical social interaction dictates that if someone gives us something then it is only right for us to return the favour. This is known as reverse social engineering, when an attacker sets up a situation where the victim encounters a problem, they ask the attacker for help and once the problem is solved the victim then feels obliged to give the information requested by the attacker.
Q430. What are two things that are possible when scanning UDP ports? (Choose two.
A. A reset will be returned
B. An ICMP message will be returned
C. The four-way handshake will not be completed
D. An RFC 1294 message will be returned
E. Nothing
Answer: BE
Explanation: Closed UDP ports can return an ICMP type 3 code 3 message. No response can mean the port is open or the packet was silently dropped.