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2021 Oct 312-50 test questions
Q281. William has received a Tetris game from someone in his computer programming class through email. William does not really know the person who sent the game very well, but decides to install the game anyway because he really likes Tetris.
After William installs the game, he plays it for a couple of hours. The next day, William plays the Tetris game again and notices that his machines have begun to slow down. He brings up his Task Manager and sees the following programs running (see Screenshot):
What has William just installed?
A. Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
B. Zombie Zapper (ZoZ)
C. Bot IRC Tunnel (BIT)
D. Root Digger (RD)
Answer: A
Explanation: RATs are malicious programs that run invisibly on host PCs and permit an intruder remote access and control. On a basic level, many RATs mimic the functionality of legitimate remote control programs such as Symantec's pcAnywhere but are designed specifically for stealth installation and operation. Intruders usually hide these Trojan horses in games and other small programs that unsuspecting users then execute on their PCs. Typically, exploited users either download and execute the malicious programs or are tricked into clicking rogue email attachments.
Q282. Richard is a network Administrator working at a student loan company in lowa. This company processes over 20,000 students loan a year from colleges all over the state. Most communication between the company, schools and lenders is carried out through email. Because of privacy laws that are in the process of being implemented, Richard wants to get ahead of the game and become compliant before any sort of auditing occurs. Much of the email communication used at his company contains sensitive information such as social security numbers. For this reason, Richard wants to utilize email encryption agency-wide. The only problem for Richard is that his department only has couple of servers and they are utilized to their full capacity. Since a server-based PKI is not an option for him, he is looking for a low/no cost solution to encrypt email.
What should Richard use?
A. PGP
B. RSA
C. 3DES
D. OTP
Answer: A
Explanation: PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is an encryption program being used for secure transmission of files and e-mails. This adapts public-key encryption technology in which pairs of keys are used to maintain secure communication. For PGP-based communication both the sender and receiver should have public and private key pairs. The sender's public key should be distributed to the receiver. Similarly, the receiver's public key should be distributed to the sender. When sending a message or a file, the sender can sign using his private key. Also, the sender's private key is never distributed. All encryption is made on the workstation sending the e-mail.
Q283. All the web servers in the DMZ respond to ACK scan on port 80. Why is this happening ?
A. They are all Windows based webserver
B. They are all Unix based webserver
C. The company is not using IDS
D. The company is not using a stateful firewall
Answer: D
Explanation: If they used a stateful inspection firewall this firewall would know if there has been a SYN-ACK before the ACK.
Q284. _________ is a tool that can hide processes from the process list, can hide files, registry entries, and intercept keystrokes.
A. Trojan
B. RootKit
C. DoS tool
D. Scanner
E. Backdoor
Answer: B
Explanation: Rootkits are tools that can hide processes from the process list, can hide files, registry entries, and intercept keystrokes.
Q285. Jason is the network administrator of Spears Technology. He has enabled SNORT IDS to detect attacks going through his network. He receives Snort SMS alerts on his iPhone whenever there is an attempted intrusion to his network.
He receives the following SMS message during the weekend.
An attacker Chew Siew sitting in Beijing, China had just launched a remote scan on Jason's network with the hping command.
Which of the following hping2 command is responsible for the above snort alert?
A. chenrocks:/home/siew # hping -S -R -P -A -F -U 192.168.2.56 -p 22 -c 5 -t 118
B. chenrocks:/home/siew # hping -F -Q -J -A -C -W 192.168.2.56 -p 22 -c 5 -t 118
C. chenrocks:/home/siew # hping -D -V -R -S -Z -Y 192.168.2.56 -p 22 -c 5 -t 118
D. chenrocks:/home/siew # hping -G -T -H -S -L -W 192.168.2.56 -p 22 -c 5 -t 118
Answer: A
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Q286. Peter has been monitoring his IDS and sees that there are a huge number of ICMP Echo Reply packets that are being received on the External Gateway interface. Further inspection reveals they are not responses from internal hosts request but simply responses coming from the Internet. What could be the likely cause of this?
A. Someone Spoofed Peter’s IP Address while doing a land attack
B. Someone Spoofed Peter’s IP Address while doing a DoS attack
C. Someone Spoofed Peter’s IP Address while doing a smurf Attack
D. Someone Spoofed Peter’s IP address while doing a fraggle attack
Answer: C
Explanation: An attacker sends forged ICMP echo packets to broadcast addresses of vulnerable networks with forged source address pointing to the target (victim) of the attack. All the systems on these networks reply to the victim with ICMP echo replies. This rapidly exhausts the bandwidth available to the target.
Q287. A file integrity program such as Tripwire protects against Trojan horse attacks by:
A. Automatically deleting Trojan horse programs
B. Rejecting packets generated by Trojan horse programs
C. Using programming hooks to inform the kernel of Trojan horse behavior
D. Helping you catch unexpected changes to a system utility file that might indicate it had been replaced by a Trojan horse
Answer: D
Explanation: Tripwire generates a database of the most common files and directories on your system. Once it is generated, you can then check the current state of your system against the original database and get a report of all the files that have been modified, deleted or added. This comes in handy if you allow other people access to your machine and even if you don't, if someone else does get access, you'll know if they tried to modify files such as /bin/login etc.
Q288. In order to attack wireless network, you put up an access point and override the signal of the real access point. And when users send authentication data, you are able to capture it. What kind of attack is this?
A. WEP Attack
B. Drive by hacking
C. Rogue Access Point Attack
D. Unauthorized Access Point Attack
Answer: C
Explanation: A rogue access point is a wireless access point that has either been installed on a secure company network without explicit authorization from a local network management or has been created to allow a cracker to conduct a man-in-the-middle attack.
Q289. On a default installation of Microsoft IIS web server, under which privilege does the web server software execute?
A. Everyone
B. Guest
C. System
D. Administrator
Answer: C
Explanation: If not changed during the installation, IIS will execute as Local System with way to high privileges.
Q290. Neil monitors his firewall rules and log files closely on a regular basis. Some of the users have complained to Neil that there are a few employees who are visiting offensive web sites during work hours, without consideration for others. Neil knows that he has an updated content filtering system and that such access should not be authorized.
What type of technique might be used by these offenders to access the Internet without restriction?
A. They are using UDP which is always authorized at the firewall.
B. They are using tunneling software which allows them to communicate with protocols in a way it was not intended.
C. They have been able to compromise the firewall, modify the rules, and give themselves proper access.
D. They are using an older version of Internet Explorer that allows them to bypass the proxy server.
Answer: B
Explanation: This can be accomplished by, for example, tunneling the http traffic over SSH if you have a SSH server answering to your connection, you enable dynamic forwarding in the ssh client and configure Internet Explorer to use a SOCKS Proxy for network traffic.