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Q191. Which statement about Cisco Discovery Protocol is true?
A. The multicast address 0100.0cdd.dddd is used as the destination address for periodic advertisements.
B. An inactive VLAN that is configured on an access port passes periodic Cisco Discovery Protocol advertisements.
C. The multicast address 0100.0ccc.ccd is used as the destination address for periodic advertisements.
D. A VLAN must be active on an access port before periodic Cisco Discovery Protocol advertisements are passed.
Answer: D
Explanation:
All CDP packets include a VLAN ID. If you configure CDP on a Layer 2 access port, the CDP packets sent from that access port include the access port VLAN ID. If you configure CDP on a Layer 2 trunk port, the CDP packets sent from that trunk port include the lowest configured VLAN ID allowed on that trunk port. CDP messages on the active physical interfaces (Ethernet NIC) to a well-known multicast address (0100.0CCC.CCCC.
Q192. How does MSTP provide backward compatibility with RSTP?
A. It uses the hop count variable as a TTL counter.
B. It transmits all spanning-tree information in one BPDU.
C. It supports up to 128 MSTI messages.
D. It encodes the MSTP-specific region information before the legacy RSTP BPDU.
Answer: D
Q193. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the PPPoE packet type on the left to the corresponding description on the right.
Answer:
Q194. Which two modes of operation does BFD support? (Choose two.)
A. synchronous mode
B. asynchronous mode
C. demand mode
D. echo mode
E. aggressive mode
F. passive mode
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
A session may operate in one of two modes: asynchronous mode and demand mode. In
asynchronous mode, both endpoints periodically send Hello packets to each other. If a number of those packets are not received, the session is considered down. In demand mode, no Hello packets are exchanged after the session is established; it is assumed that the endpoints have another way to verify connectivity to each other, perhaps on the underlying physical layer. However, either host may still send Hello packets if needed.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidirectional_Forwarding_Detection
Q195. Which two options are causes of out-of-order packets? (Choose two.)
A. a routing loop
B. a router in the packet flow path that is intermittently dropping packets
C. high latency
D. packets in a flow traversing multiple paths through the network
E. some packets in a flow being process-switched and others being interrupt-switched on a transit router
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
In traditional packet forwarding systems, using different paths have varying latencies that cause out of order packets, eventually resulting in far lower performance for the network application. Also, if some packets are process switched quickly by the routing engine of the router while others are interrupt switched (which takes more time) then it could result in out of order packets. The other options would cause packet drops or latency, but not out of order packets.
Q196. Refer to the exhibit.
Which statement about this device configuration is true?
A. The NMS needs a specific route configured to enable it to reach the Loopback0 interface of the device.
B. The ifindex of the device could be different when the device is reloaded.
C. The device will allow anyone to poll it via the public community.
D. The device configuration requires the AuthNoPriv security level.
Answer: B
Explanation:
One of the most commonly used identifiers in SNMP-based network management applications is the Interface Index (ifIndex) value. IfIndex is a unique identifying number associated with a physical or logical interface. For most software, the ifIndex is the name of the interface. Although relevant RFCs do not require that the correspondence between particular ifIndex values and their interfaces be maintained across reboots, applications such as device inventory, billing, and fault detection depend on this correspondence. Consider a situation where a simple monitoring software (like MRTG) is polling the interface statistics of the router specific serial interface going to the internet.
As an example, you could have these conditions prior to re-initialization:
physical port ifIndex
ethernet port
tokenring port
2
serial port
3
Therefore, the management application is polling the ifIndex 3, which corresponds to the serial port.
After the router re-initialization (reboot, reload and so on) the conditions change to something similar to this:
physical port
ifIndex
ethernet port
3
tokenring port
1
serial port
2
The management application continues polling the ifIndex 3, which corresponds now to the ethernet port. Therefore, if the management application is not warned by a trap, for example, that the router has been rebooted, the statistics polled could be completely wrong.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/simple-network-management-protocol-snmp/28420-ifIndex-Persistence.html
Q197. Refer to the exhibit.
Which statement about the topology is true?
A. It provides a transparent LAN service.
B. It provides only point-to-multipoint connections between UNIs.
C. It uses port-based connections at the hub.
D. It provides point-to-point connections between UNIs.
Answer: D
Q198. Which two values are needed to configure NTP authentication? (Choose two.)
A. the encryption method
B. the key number
C. the burst mode
D. the key string
E. the Diffie-Hellman group
Answer: B,D
Q199. You are implementing new addressing with EIGRP routing and must use secondary addresses, which are missing from the routing table. Which action is the most efficient solution to the problem?
A. Disable split-horizon on the interfaces with secondary addresses.
B. Disable split-horizon inside the EIGRP process on the router with the secondary interface addresses.
C. Add additional router interfaces and move the secondary addresses to the new interfaces.
D. Use a different routing protocol and redistribute the routes between EIGRP and the new protocol.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Normally, routers that are connected to broadcast-type IP networks and that use distance-vector routing protocols employ the split horizon mechanism to reduce the possibility of routing loops. Split horizon blocks information about routes from being advertised by a router out of any interface from which that information originated. This behavior usually optimizes communications among multiple routers, particularly when links are broken. However, with nonbroadcast networks, situations can arise for which this behavior is less than ideal. For these situations, you might want to disable split horizon with EIGRP and RIP. If an interface is configured with secondary IP addresses and split horizon is enabled, updates might not be sourced by every secondary address. One routing update is sourced per network number unless split horizon is disabled.
Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_2/ip/configuration/guide/fipr_c/1cfrip.html
Q200. Which statement is true about VPLS?
A. MPLS is not required for VPLS to work.
B. VPLS carries packets as Layer 3 multicast.
C. VPLS has been introduced to address some shortcomings of OTV.
D. VPLS requires an MPLS network.
Answer: D
Explanation:
VPLS uses MPLS labels so an MPLS network is required. VPLS MPLS packets have a two-label stack. The outer label is used for normal MPLS forwarding in the service provider's network. If BGP is used to establish the VPLS, the inner label is allocated by a PE as part of a label block. If LDP is used, the inner label is a virtual circuit ID assigned by LDP when it first established a mesh between the participating PEs. Every PE keeps track of assigned inner label, and associates these with the VPLS instance.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Private_LAN_Service